What is TAVI and why is it performed?

TAVI (Transcatheter Aortic Valve Implantation) is a minimally invasive procedure used to replace a narrowed aortic valve. It is commonly performed in patients with severe aortic stenosis who cannot undergo open-heart surgery. The new valve is inserted through a catheter and placed inside the damaged valve.

What is the most common route used for TAVI?

The transfemoral approach is the most commonly used route for TAVI. In this method, a catheter is inserted through the femoral artery in the groin to reach the aortic valve. It is preferred because it is less invasive and usually allows faster recovery.

What are the alternative routes for TAVI?

If the femoral artery cannot be used, doctors may choose other routes such as transapical, transaortic, trans-subclavian, trans-axillary, trans-carotid, or trans-caval. These approaches allow doctors to reach the heart through different arteries or access points. The choice depends on the patient’s anatomy and overall health.

Who may need an alternative access route for TAVI?

Patients with narrow, calcified, or severely diseased femoral arteries may not be suitable for the standard transfemoral approach. In such cases, cardiologists may use alternative access routes to safely perform the procedure. Detailed imaging helps determine the best option.

How do doctors decide the best route for TAVI?

Doctors evaluate blood vessels using imaging tests such as multidetector CT scans (MDCT). These scans help assess vessel size, calcification, and anatomy. The safest route with the lowest risk of complications is then selected.

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About The Author

Dr. Ankur U. Phatarpekar M.D., D.M., FSCAI

With over 15 years of expertise, Dr. Phatarpekar is recognised as a renowned interventional cardiologist in Mumbai, specialising in complex coronary interventions, structural heart procedures, and pioneering work in Transcatheter Aortic Valve Implantation (TAVI).

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